These features have important implications for its phenology. It can slowly regulate its position over the water column through the production of gas vesicles, and it is well adapted to grow at very low levels of incident radiation. rubescens presents some very specific eco-physiological traits.
Recent improvements in the spatial resolution (i.e., tens of meters) of satellite imagery allow us to monitor the main tanks of large and complex irrigation systems. Nevertheless, our study shows a decrease in the microcystin content with the distance from the lake (0.05 µg L −1 km −1), with a reduction of about 80% of the microcystin concentrations at the furthest tanks. In the first node of the distribution network, microcystin concentrations (4–10 µg L −1) reached values potentially able to damage the culture and to accumulate during cultivation. Laboratory and in situ fluorometric data were related to satellite imagery, using simple linear regression models, to produce surface lake-wide maps reporting the distribution of both P. Data were from an intense HCB ( Planktothrix rubescens), which occurred in a south Italy multiple-uses reservoir (Lake Occhito) between 20 and regarded both the lake and the irrigation network. We demonstrated that this integration improves frequency and spatial resolution of the data collection.
However, this approach is still little adopted in institutional measuring programs. Guidelines suggest integrating laboratory, real-time in situ, and remote sensing data in the monitoring of HCBs. Harmful cyanobacteria blooms (HCBs) are one of the main water quality threats affecting reservoirs.
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